A review of cellulose nanocrystals and nanocomposites

Abstract

Aqueous suspensions of cellulose nanocrystals can be obtained by acid hydrolysis of lignocellulosic fibers. Cellulose nanocrystals correspond to defect-free rod-like nanoparticles that present remarkable properties such as light weight, low cost, availability of raw material, renewability, nanoscale dimension, and unique morphology. Because of these properties, cellulose nanocrystals have been largely applied as reinforcing fillers in nanocomposites materials. This paper discusses the preparation, morphological features, and physical properties of cellulose nanocrystals, as well as their incorporation in nanocomposite materials.