A Micro-computed Tomography Analysis of Marginal and Internal Fit of Endocrowns Fabricated from Three CAD/CAM Materials

Abstract

SUMMARY Objective To assess the marginal and internal misfit of endocrowns fabricated from a resin matrix ceramic (CS), a partially crystallized (EMC), and a fully crystallized (ILS) lithium disilicate glass-ceramic. Methods and Materials Thirty human premolar teeth restored with endocrowns were investigated. Three CAD/CAM materials were used (n=10 per group): CS, EMC, and ILS. Two-dimensional (2D) analysis of marginal and internal misfit was performed on micro-computed tomography scans before and after adhesive bonding. Further, three-dimensional (3D) analysis was performed to determine the total internal volume discrepancy. Surface roughness of the fitting surfaces of endocrowns was characterized using optical profilometry and scanning electron microscopy. Results Adhesive bonding did not significantly affect marginal or internal misfit (p≥0.093). Differences in marginal misfit among the experimental groups were not statistically significant (p≥0.221). However, differences in 2D internal misfit were statistically significant; the CS group exhibited the largest internal misfit (p=0.001), while no significant difference was found between other groups (p=0.123). The largest discrepancies were observed at the pulpal floor and cervical region of all investigated specimens. No statistically significant difference was found in 3D misfit between ILS and EMC groups (p=0.711); however both exhibited statistically lower 3D misfit values compared to the CS group (p≤0.037). ILS endocrowns exhibited the smoothest and most homogenous fitting surface profile (p<0.001). However, there was no significant correlation between 2D internal misfit and the surface roughness (p≥0.082). Conclusions The choice of CAD/CAM material may influence the fitting accuracy of endocrowns. The investigated lithium disilicate glass-ceramics conferred superior internal fit for endocrowns compared to resin matrix ceramic.