Application of HOMER in assessing and controlling renewable energy-based hybrid EV charging stations across major Turkish cities

Abstract

Facing the global increase in population, escalating energy demands, environmental impacts of internal combustion engines, and potential depletion of fossil fuels, the urgency of developing renewable energy systems becomes more evident. This study takes place during a period of rapid electric vehicle adoption and escalating demand for renewable energy. It presents optimization and comparative analysis of hybrid and off-grid charging stations across six distinct regions. The process of establishing off-grid hybrid charging stations in each region is critically analyzed, using the HOMER program to determine the most efficient placement. HOMER, an optimization tool for renewable energy systems, enables lifecycle cost analysis. This method not only strengthens our energy independence but also supports the economy and reduces carbon emissions, positively impacting the environment. Comparative optimization analysis, based on technical and economic metrics across the provinces, identifies Manisa as the optimal location for the planned electric vehicle charging station. The station is expected to generate a total energy of 3,049,337 kWh per year, with a Net Present Value of 7.24 M$, a Levelized Cost of Energy of $0.441 per kWh, an annual operation cost of $175,795, and an initial capital cost of 3.69 M$. In conclusion, this study aims to improve environmental outcomes and contribute positively to the economy by reducing reliance on fossil fuels and fostering a quick transition to renewable energy.