Comparative analysis of Kalina and ORC cycles in renewable energy systems: exergo-environmental assessment and cost calculations with carbon emissions

Abstract

This study aims to compare the thermal energy conversion performances of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) and Kalina systems. By comparing the performances of ORC and Kalina systems, it aims to provide an analysis on carbon emissions and economic costs. The highlighted results of the study indicate that for the ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle), the electrical power is 16.93 kW, with a heat transfer rate of 100 kW for heat exchanger-I. The ORC energy efficiency is 16.86%, with an exergy efficiency of 57.92%. The exergetic sustainability index is 1.34, with a carbon emission of 6.61 kgCO2 per hour and an economic value of electricity of $2.31 per hour. For the Kalina cycle, the electrical power is 11.60 kW, with a heat transfer rate of 100 kW for heat exchanger-I. The Kalina energy efficiency is 11.55%, with an exergy efficiency of 24.78%. The exergetic sustainability index is 0.60, with a carbon emission of 4.49 kg per hour and an economic value of electricity produced of $1.57 per hour. A comparison of both cycles is presented.