Evaluation of Beta-cell Regeneration Property of Methanolic Extract of Momordica Dioica in Wistar Rat Model

Abstract

Background: Despite the existence of various medications for diabetes, many individuals still struggle with the condition due to the potential side effects associated with current treatments. Traditional healers have long relied on medicinal plants with potential antidiabetic properties. One such plant is Momordica dioica, although its traditional use lacks experimental studies to support its efficacy in managing diabetes. Among them, Momordica dioica is one however there are no experimental studies on beta-cell regeneration that support the current traditional uses.  Objective: The main aim of the current research is to identify Momordica dioica's methanolic extract's capacity for beta cell regeneration. Methods: Air-dried Fruit of Momordica Dioica was extracted using methanol, and acute oral toxicity studies were performed on methanolic extract in accordance with OECD guideline version 18. By using the HPTLC method, the Active Constituent in charge of the activity was verified. The HPTLC method was used to confirm active constituents that were responsible for the activity. The pancreatic beta cell regeneration as well as Fasting blood glucose level was used to evaluate the anti-diabetic effect. Single-dose STZ-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus was used to evaluate anti-antidiabetic activity. Results: Momordica dioica’s methanolic extract with doses of 100mg/kg and rest combination with standard showed a significant (p < 0.0001) anti-diabetic effect.  Maximum anti-diabetic effects at doses as HE100mg/kg and all combinations were compared to standard and observed from Day 21 induction of diabetes by Streptozotocin; total tested doses of the extract inhibited the destruction of beta-cell significantly (p < 0.0001, p < 0.001).  Conclusion: The existence of berberine, a quaternary ammonium salt of the alkaloid benzyl-iso-quinoline present in the extract, had a potential anti-diabetic effect and beta-cell regeneration property which supports the ancient beliefs.