Hyaluronic acid promotes cellular characteristics of human gingival fibroblasts in-vitro

Abstract

In recent years, there has been growing interest in utilizing hyaluronic acid (HA) for periodontal tissue regenera-tion, particularly in the treatment of interdental papilla loss. However, the specific effects of HA on the cellular characteristics of human oral fibroblasts (hGFs) remain to be fully understood. Therefore, this study sought to assess the impact of HA on various cellular properties of hGFs. The study conducted three experiments on the human gingival fibroblasts exposed to varying assays, cell prolifer-ation assay, and cell migration assay (scratch-test assay). The outcome measures for the cell viability assay were expressed as the average relative growth rate (%), for the cell proliferation assay was the mean average deviation (cells/well), and for the cell migration assay as the average percentage of the cell-free area (%). After 24 hours, hGFs treated with HA at the concentrations at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 16 mg/mL exhibited a cell viability exceeding 70%. Specifically, concentrations of 2 mg/mL and 6 mg/mL, HA facilitated cell proliferation from the 1st day to 5th day. Notably, at a concentration of 6 mg/mL, HA significantly enhanced cell migration after 18 and 24 hours, with a sig-nificant difference from the control groups. The study demonstrates that HA at various concentrations is non-cytotoxic to hGFs. Moreover, HA get at a concentration of 6 mg/mL, HA supported the proliferation and migration of hGFs. These findings suggest the potential ap-plication of hyaluronic as a biomaterial in periodontal regeneration treatments.