Echocardiographic values and prevalence of cardiac abnormalities in clinically healthy adult Borzoi dogs

Author:

Wesselowski Sonya1,Sykes K. Tess1,Saunders Ashley B.1,Werre Stephen R.2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX

2. Department of Population Health Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA

Abstract

Abstract OBJECTIVE To develop breed-specific echocardiographic values for normal Borzoi and to report the prevalence of structural cardiac abnormalities. ANIMALS 146 clinically healthy, adult Borzoi dogs. METHODS Cardiac auscultation and standard echocardiograms were performed. Longitudinal follow-up was described in a subset of dogs (n = 25). RESULTS Most Borzoi were structurally normal (119/146, 81.5%), with breed-specific echocardiographic values generated independently for each sex, as females weighed significantly less than males (30.4 ± 3.8 kg vs 38.3 ± 4.1 kg, respectively; P < .001), and a significant impact of sex was found on most measurements. Physiologic heart murmurs were identified in 64/119 (53.8%) normal dogs. Thirty-six (30.2%) structurally normal dogs had trace or mild mitral regurgitation, and 43 (36.1%) had trace or mild tricuspid regurgitation. Structural cardiac disease was identified in 21 dogs (14.4%), including 9 dogs (6.2%) with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), 9 dogs (6.2%) with stage B1 myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD), and 3 (2.1%) dogs with congenital abnormalities. Seven dogs (4.8%) had equivocal abnormalities. During follow-up, new dogs were diagnosed with occult DCM (n = 3), equivocal DCM (1), and stage B1 MMVD (2). Two dogs originally diagnosed with DCM (1 occult and 1 equivocal) normalized after diet change. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Borzoi dogs commonly have physiologic heart murmurs and mild atrioventricular valve regurgitation. Both DCM and MMVD were identified at similar frequencies in healthy Borzoi, although dogs with MMVD all had normal heart sizes. Echocardiographic screening for DCM in Borzoi should be considered, with breed-specific echocardiographic values now available for improved diagnostic confidence.

Publisher

American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)

Subject

General Veterinary,General Medicine

Reference32 articles.

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4. A comparison of echocardiographic indices of the nonracing, healthy greyhound to reference values from other breeds;Snyder P,1995

5. Echocardiographic measurements in greyhounds, whippets and Italian greyhounds–dogs with a similar conformation but different size;della Torre PK,2000

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