1. Department of Physics and Astronomy College of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
2. Biological and Environmental Sensing Research Unit King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
3. Department of Biomedical Technology College of Applied Medical Sciences King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
4. Department of Chemistry College of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
5. Research Chair for Tribology, Surface, and Interface Sciences Department of Physics and Astronomy College of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia