A non‐antibiotic organic coating on ZA6‐1 surface releasing different concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulphate/levulinic acid for orthopaedic application

Abstract

AbstractBone implantation surgery is often accompanied by bacterial infection, resulting in infectious bone non‐union, pathological fracture and other serious consequences, which will aggravate the pain of patients. A non‐antibiotic coating consisting of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and levulinic acid (LA) with different concentrations was prepared by the authors on the zinc–aluminium alloy (ZA6‐1) using a wet chemistry treatment for orthopaedic application. The influence of SDS/LA concentrations on the surface morphology, composition and performance of the developed coating was investigated. The results showed that as‐prepared coating on a zinc alloy surface could improve the substrate's corrosion resistance and increase the degradation rate from 0.82 to 19.70 μm/year upon raising the SDS/LA concentration. Furthermore, higher hydrophilicity (<14°), better cell proliferation (>100%) and morphology, as well as good cell adhesion and differentiation (ALP >95% for 7 days) were observed on coated zinc alloys. The increased SDS/LA concentration slightly weakens the biocompatibility and enhances the antibacterial performance of coated zinc alloys due to the synergistic effect of SDS/LA. Overall, the coating comprising 6 wt.% SDS and 9 wt.% LA showed excellent antibacterial action with a high level of biocompatibility, confirming its potential application for orthopaedic implants.