1. From the Richard and Susan Smith Center for Outcomes Research in Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School (R.K.W., R.W.Y.), and the Brigham and Women’s Hospital Heart and Vascular Center, Harvard Medical School (R.K.W.) — both in Boston; and the Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (K.E.J.M.).