Role of arginine in improving the traits of several wheat varieties

Abstract

The problem of this study is the low productivity of the wheat crop in Iraq. To encounter this problem, modern, environmentally friendly technologies must be used, including amino acids such as arginine, which help in improving growth and yield and thus increase the productivity of this crop quantitatively and qualitatively per unit area. An experiment was conducted in a field in the Saqlawiyah-Anbar region in 2021 during the winter season, to look into how different arginine concentrations affect specific growth traits and yield of different wheat varieties. Randomized complete block design was utilized in the split plot arrangement with three replications, main plots had two concentrations of arginine (100,200 mg l-1), while subplots contained three varieties of wheat (Abu Gharib, Sham 6, and Ebaa 99). The study's findings demonstrated the superiority of the variety Ebaa 99 in most growth traits and yield, including the flag leaf area, tillers number and spike grains, the weight of 1000, and grain yield. The dosage of 200 mg L-1 produced the highest averages for the plant height traits (87.24 cm), tillers number (811.7 tillers. m-2), and grain yield (5.23 mcg. ha-1). Plant spraying treatment with arginine at a dosage of 100 mg L-1 was superior to the number of grains per spike and achieved an average (of 44.58 grains). Regarding the interactions between the study variables, spray plants of the variety Ebaa 99 with arginine at a dosage of (100 mg. l-1). This led to maximum grain yield during the study season. The results indicated that the APA 99 variety was significantly superior in terms of vegetative growth, yield, and its components. Accordingly, these characteristics together contributed to an increase in the total yield. APA 99 responded significantly to higher concentrations of arginine compared to other cultivars.