Buckling down on torus fractures: has evolving evidence affected practice?

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the management of paediatric torus fractures of the distal forearm in current practice in light of growing evidence supporting a ‘minimalist’ approach with splint immobilization and limited follow-up. We hypothesized that ‘traditional’ cast-based management has persisted despite alternative evidence. Methods A retrospective review was performed of a consecutive series of paediatric patients diagnosed with torus fractures of the distal forearm between 2011 and 2014. Records were reviewed to abstract the type of immobilization (splint versus cast) prescribed at each visit, number of radiographic exams, duration of immobilization, number of clinical visits and complications. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients exclusively managed in splints. Injuries were grouped based on treatment into a cast group (CG) and a splint group (SG) for statistical analyses. Additionally, injuries were grouped by epoch of time to determine if immobilization usage patterns evolved. Results A total of 240 forty injuries met criteria for inclusion. Of these, 16 (6.7%) were exclusively splinted (SG). Relative to the CG, the SG had fewer clinical visits (p < 0.001), fewer radiographic exams (p < 0.001) and a shorter total encounter time (p = 0.015). No change in immobilization use occurred over the study period. In all, 21 (9.4%) of the CG experienced complications. No clinically significant displacements occurred in either group. Conclusion Cast utilization and frequent radiographic follow-up remain prevalent at our institution in the management of paediatric torus fractures. Splint-only management was associated with fewer clinical visits, fewer radiographic exams and a shorter total encounter time. Level of Evidence Level III Therapeutic retrospective cohort study