Adherence to Medications of Hypertension among Hypertensive Patients of Majmaah City of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Objectives: To assess engagement in heart-healthy lifestyle practices and adherence to antihypertensive medications with knowledge of hypertension, for more effective blood pressure control. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study involving adults of more than 18 years diagnosed with hypertension as study participants. Total sample size was 381. Assessment of medication adherence, and responses were calculated using Malaysian Medicine Adherence Score 8 (MALMAS 8) scale. The scoring system utilized in the MALMAS questionnaire, aligned with the MMAS-8, aids in categorizing participants based on their medication adherence levels. Data were collected using a pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire. The data were analysed using the statistical software for social sciences (SPSS26). Results: The prevalence of hypertension among the selected study participants was found to be 71%. High level of adherence was found in 33% of the participants. The medication adherence of the patient was significantly associated with gender (p<0.05). 27% of the study participants belong to the age group of 25-40 years. Around 63% of the females were having high adherence and this association was found to be statistically significant, (p value < 0.05.). There was no statistically significant association between participants’ adherence to the age group they belong, marital status, educational level and their occupation. Conclusion: In conclusion, this cross-sectional study highlights the difficulty in adhering to treatment plans, with forgetfulness and trouble taking medications ranking as the biggest obstacles. Interestingly, adherence was higher in females than in males. Nevertheless, no statistically significant correlation was observed between medication adherence and other demographic variables, including age, income level, occupation, marital status, education, or occupation