Anthropometric Physical Fitness Measurements of Medalist and Non-Medalist Athletes in Self-Defense Sports in Aqaba, Jordan

Abstract

Introduction: This study investigates the anthropometric physical fitness measurements of athletes in self-defense sports, including karate, Muay Thai, kickboxing, and taekwondo, in Aqaba, Jordan. The objective is to identify physical attributes that contribute to success in these sports. The research compares various anthropometric factors—such as height, weight, BMI, body fat percentage, muscle mass, and flexibility—between athletes who have won medals and those who have not. Understanding these differences could highlight the significance of certain physical characteristics in achieving success in self-defense sports. Methodology: The study assessed the anthropometric characteristics of athletes participating in self-defense sports in Aqaba, Jordan. Two groups were compared: medalists (gold, silver, or bronze at national or international levels) and non-medalists. Data collected included height (cm), weight (kg), BMI, body fat percentage (%), muscle mass (kg), and flexibility (measured via the sit-and-reach test). Results: The study revealed significant differences in certain anthropometric measures between medalists and non-medalists. Medalists displayed higher muscle mass and lower body fat percentages compared to non-medalists. They also demonstrated greater flexibility, as shown by better sit-and-reach test scores. No significant differences were found in height, weight, or BMI between the two groups. Discussion: The findings underscore the importance of specific anthropometric measures in achieving success in self-defense sports. Medal-winning athletes had advantageous body composition characteristics, such as increased muscle mass and decreased body fat, which likely contribute to better strength-to-weight ratios and agility. Enhanced flexibility among successful athletes suggests improved range of motion and reduced injury risk, crucial for performance in dynamic combat sports. These insights highlight the need for targeted strength and conditioning programs tailored to the physical demands of self-defense sports. Conclusion: This study provides valuable information on the physical characteristics of successful and less successful athletes in self-defense sports in Aqaba, Jordan. Key factors such as muscle mass, body fat percentage, and flexibility were found to influence athletic success. Coaches and athletes can use this data to develop personalized training programs aimed at improving performance and achieving competitive success in self-defense sports.