1. Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
2. Department of First Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan.
3. Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
4. Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.