Acute Cerebral Vascular Events after Carotid Endarterectomy

Abstract

Introduction. Acute cerebrovascular accident is recognized as the leading pathology in the structure of cerebrovascular diseases (CVD). Annually 6 million cases of CVD are registered in the world. Fatal outcomes from this pathology in Russia occur 1.5–2 times more often than in developed countries. According to the All-Russian Center for Preventive Medicine, 25% of males and 39% of females die from CVD. The incidence of CVD in Russia ranges from 460 to 560 cases per 100 thousand people. This pathology may be caused by carotid artery stenosis resulting from atherosclerotic vascular lesions and plaque formation which lead to embolism and stroke.Materials and methods. The study analyzed 341 medical histories of patients hospitalized at the Bashkir State Medical University Clinic (BSMU Clinic) in 2022, who underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEE) (288 of them had a history of chronic cerebrovascular accident) and 278 medical histories of patients with acute cerebrovascular accident, hospitalized at the Neurologic Clinic of the Avicenna Tajik State Medical University in 2022.Results and discussion. Perioperative complications that occurred during CEE at BSMU Clinic in 2022 included 12 cases of acute cerebrovascular accident of ischemic type (3.52%) and 2 cases of transient ischemic attack (0.6%), which is lower than the same rates in previously published observations at the same clinic.Conclusion. The number of complications resulting from the CEE does not exceed the global rates. Quantitative and qualitative indicators of carotid reconstructions demonstrate positive trends. Acute cerebrovascular accident requires clarifying the cause of its occurrence and taking measures to prevent ischemic strokes, including angiosurgical interventions.