Maxillary cysts diagnosed at a Brazilian Reference Center for Oral Injuries

Abstract

Aim: determine the prevalence of cysts associated with maxillary bones, analyzing variables related to their occurrence. Methods: a cross-sectional study was carried out with secondary data from biopsy records and conclusive anatomopathological reports of cysts diagnosed at the Reference Center for Oral Lesions of the State University of Feira de Santana in the period 2006-2017. The information collected was analyzed using the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0; the chi-square statistical test was used, and the Likelihood-ratio test was applied, with a significance level of p≤ 0.05. Results: Of the 290 records with a conclusive histopathological diagnosis for some intraosseous lesion, 138 (47,58%) were definitive for cysts. The radicular/residual cyst was the most frequent (47.8%) and most of the lesions were located in the posterior region of the mandible (39.9%). The age group’s statistical analysis showed a statistically significant difference in the different types of the cyst (p=0.000), however, when associating sex with histopathological diagnosis (p=0.222) and anatomical location with histopathological diagnosis (p=0.568), there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusions: The radicular/ residual cysts group had the highest frequency among all lesions. Cysts were more commonly diagnosed in women, in the fourth decade of life and the most prevalent anatomical site was the posterior region of the mandible. The analysis results suggest that the age group is a factor associated with the occurrence of cysts.