INFLUENCE OF PERIODONTAL TREATMENT ON PRETERM BIRTH: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META ANALYSIS

Abstract

Background: Preterm birth is considered as the main cause neonatal mortality and morbidity[1]. The rate of preterm birth ranges from 5% to 18% of babies born in different countries[2].However, prevent, predict and delay this health condition is almost unsuccessful[2]. Millions of babies are born preterm and this number is rising[2]. Infectious diseases and local and systematic inflammation is most contributing factor to multifactorial etiology of this health condition[3]. The pregnant women are more susceptible to periodontal disease as it is the most prevalent chronic infectious disease in adult population[4]. There are 57 health condition related to periodontitis[5].The physical and hormonal alternation make the pregnant women more vulnerable to the periodontal disease. Relatively high prevalence of periodontitis during pregnancy found in different population, especially socio-economically disadvantaged women[4]. Periodontitis found to be a risk indicator for preterm birth outcome[6].Clinical trails were conducted to assess the effect of periodontal treatment during pregnancy on reducing these outcomes[7-25]. Objective: To assess the effect of different periodontal interventions during pregnancy on preterm birth outcome. Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines[26], searching Cochrane Library, Pubmed and Embase databases up to 10 December, 2020. PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcomes, study design) framework was used as a search strategy tool. Intervention include scaling and root planning (SRP), Control oral hygiene instructions (OHI), Inclusion criteria were studied in pregnant women, including randomized controlled trials with the aim of assessing the effect of any periodontal treatments on preterm birth outcomes. Main outcome was perform birth(<37 gestational week). The data were extracted from two authors and statistical analyses carried out using Review Manager (RevMan).