1. Peter B. Smulowitz () is an associate professor of emergency medicine in the Department of Emergency Medicine at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, in Worcester, Massachusetts, and chief medical officer at Milford Regional Medical Center, in Milford, Massachusetts.
2. A. James O’Malley is a professor of biomedical data science at the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice and in the Department of Biomedical Data Science at the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, in Hanover, New Hampshire.
3. Hazar Khidir is a fellow in the National Clinician Scholars Program, Department of Internal Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, in New Haven, Connecticut. He was an emergency medicine resident physician in the Harvard Affiliated Emergency Medicine Residency Program, Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, in Boston, Massachusetts, when this work was performed.
4. Lawrence Zaborski is a senior statistical programmer in the Department of Health Care Policy at Harvard Medical School, in Boston, Massachusetts.
5. J. Michael McWilliams is the Warren Alpert Foundation Professor of Health Care Policy in the Department of Health Care Policy at Harvard Medical School and a professor of medicine and general internist at Brigham and Women’s Hospital.
6. Bruce E. Landon is a professor of health care policy in the Department of Health Care Policy at Harvard Medical School and a professor of medicine and practicing internist at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.