1. Sigma-Aldrich) for 1 d to enhance the adhesion between cells and the transducer. Detached astrocytes were sub-seeded into Ultrasonocoverslip and incubated for 1-3 days. Primary coculture of neurons and astrocytes Primary mouse cortical neurons were prepared from embryos (E14-16) dissociated from pregnant C57BL/6J mice. Embryos were decapitated, and the cortex was washed thrice with HBSS after dissection. The cortex was treated with 0.1 % trypsin (15090-046, Gibco) prior to incubating it for 5 min at 37 �C. Next, heat-inactivated FBS (10082-147, Gibco) was added to the cortex and segregated by mild trituration. It was centrifuged for 3 min with 1000 rpm and suspended in neuro basal media (10888022, Gibco) supplemented with 5 % Heat-inactivated FBS;Ultrasonocoverslip was coated with 0.1 mg/ml poly D-lysine
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