1. The ionized gas flow within the electrical arc zones was accelerated by the joint action of thermal buoyancy and Lorentz forces. Simultaneously, the gaseous product within the packed bed flew upward along the path of pressure reduction toward the outlet duct. (4) A reduction zone was formed in the lower part of the packed bed, where the reduction reaction continuously consumed the chromite ore. (5) By clarifying the coupled behavior of multiple complex processes, the developed numerical model contributed to improving efficiency, energy utilization, and product quality in SAF operations Production, Refining, and Recycling) Group. Throughout my two-year stay in the Netherlands, both in terms of professional endeavors and personal experiences, I received invaluable support from Prof. Yongxiang Yang and his wife, Dr. Yanping Xiao. I would like to take this opportunity to express my sincere appreciation to them. Additionally, I would like to extend my gratitude to Dr;Zhiyuan Chen
2. Developments in furnace technology for ferro-nickel production;J Kunze;Proceedings of the Tenth International Ferroalloys Congress, Cape Town, South Africa,2004
3. Analysis of transport phenomena in submerged arc furnace for ferrochrome production;Y X Yang;Proceedings of the Tenth International Ferroalloys Congress,2004
4. A study of the performance of submerged arc furnace smelting of industrial silicon;Z J Chen;Silicon,2018
5. The submerged arc furnace (SAF): State-of-the-art metal recovery from nonferrous slags;B Friedrich;J. Sustain. Metall,2018