1. 76) 12. (How) are subordinates kept responsible for their activities? 13. (How) are rules and procedures used to guide tasks of subordinates? 14. (How) are physical or administrative constraints (e.g. physical authorisations) used to guide behaviour of subordinates? 15. (How) are subordinate's actions scheduled (ex ante, e.g. by superiors)? 16. (How) are the subordinate's actions and activities reported? 17. (How) is communicated which type of behaviour is (not) appropriate? 18. (How) are rewards (sanctions) connected to (in)appropriate behaviour? References Abernethy;(How) are empowerment and self-monitoring encouraged? Cultural controls (Merchant and van der Stede,1996
2. Managerial Control in Nonprofit Organizations
3. Management control systems across different modes of innovation: Implications for firm performance;D S Bedford;Management Accounting Research,2015