1. Almost 180,000 people are added to the urban population each day. It is estimated that there are almost a billion poor people in the world, of this over 750 million live in urban areas without adequate shelter and basic services;Taking the rate of urbanisation as a proxy for proletarianisation
2. Barman et al (2001), and Ng'ethe et al (2000) are from the International IDEA Democracy Assessments for Malawi, Bangladesh and Kenya respectively. Summaries of these can be found in Beetham;Krishnamurty;The data from Chirwa et al,1972