1. In my analysis, I include only hedge funds that achieved top quintile excess return performance over a rolling 3-year period for at least 2 years during their sample period (thus, these are likely to be targets of copycats at some point), and had at least five years of 13f filings during the 1999 -June 2019 period (filing dates only became available starting in 1999). 112 I consider copycatted stocks to be those holdings in the top quintile of 2-day market reactions to initial disclosure of the stock purchase among all the stock holdings of each manager during the sample period. Although I did not find evidence of market reactions to disclosures by short-term hedge funds in my event study section, I 112 I also require that for each portfolio return calculation (for example, long-term hedge funds' copycatted stock performance), there are at least 3 stocks in the median quarter. Also, I only include stock disclosures that were filed outside of a t-2;Barth;suggest that investors and other stakeholders find the information contained in 13fs valuable, and that exempting institutions from filing 13fs would "deprive the market of this information,2020
2. Uncovering Hedge Fund Skill from the Portfolio Holdings They Hide;V Agarwal;Journal of Finance,2013
3. Mandatory Portfolio Disclosure, Stock Liquidity, and Mutual Fund Performance;V Agarwal;Journal of Finance,2015
4. Hedge Fund Leverage;A Ang;Journal of Financial Economics,2011