1. Even though the speciation diagram predicts that Al(OH) 3 is formed at pH above 4 (Figure S7b), the actual Al phase can be basaluminite Al 4 (SO 4 )(OH) 10 ? 4H 2 O as in the carbonate precipitate of a coal AMD at pH 5. [17] The insulating character of Al hydroxides can explain their inhibiting effect on the e-deposition of Cu. The recovery rate for Al is always the fastest both in SEP and chemical precipitation (Figures 12 and S10);Cu;85% TREE, 35% Co&Ni, along with the remaining 13% Cu and 9% Al, while 77-95% Si, Ca, Mg, Mn, and Fe are left behind (Figure 8c,d and Table S2)
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