1. The 2011 round of PIRLS was carried out alongside TIMSS and included 60 countries/areas. The newest round of PIRLS;PIRLS included 41 countries/areas, two of which were African countries (Morocco and South Africa), 4 lower-middle-income countries,2006
2. As;the PISA 2006 technical report, this is only the case for reading between,2000
3. Additional countries took a slightly different test between;The following is a list of participating countries in chronological order: Djibouti,1994