1. Although it is technically true that an illegal agreement could occur without any economic impact, in practice, economic evidence that is properly designed and presented is likely to be relevant and helpful to the jury. For one reason, many cases will rely in whole or in part on circumstantial evidence;Anna Pletcher;Antitrust,2023
2. Collusion and Horizontal Agreements;Massimo Motta;Competition Policy: Theory and Practice,2004
3. Explicit vs. tacit collusion -The impact of communication in oligopoly experiments;Miguel A Fonseca;European Economic Review,2012
4. A Theory of Tacit Collusion;Joseph E Harrington;Department of Economics,2012
5. Communication, Renegotiation, and the Scope for Collusion;D J Cooper;American Economic Journal: Microeconomics,2014