Topology-Optimization-Based Additive Construction for Sustainability

Abstract

<p>For decades, concrete structures have been constructed using cementitious materials using conventional methods through formworks (either cast-in-place or precast). Concrete with sufficient slump is needed to fill up the formwork. This approach results in significant material wastage (placing materials in locations where stresses are low or very low) and increases carbon footprint. Additive construction provides unique opportunities to build form-free structural elements with complex geometry, enabling topology and structural optimization. This paper presents (1) an introduction to topologically optimized compression-only (C-only) structures; (2) the development of concrete mixes for additive construction; (3) an explanation of the additive construction process and equipment used to develop 3D-printed C-only structures; and (4) preliminary results of the 3D-printed C-only structures.</p>