Utilization of Pre-Anesthetic Medications for Major Surgical Procedures at a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: Drug utilization research is an important tool to analyze the use of drugs with specialemphasis on medical, social, and economic consequences in society. This study aims to find out theutilization of pre-anesthetic medications in a major surgical procedure. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 15th April - 15th August 2019 inthe postoperative ward at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital. The convenience samplingmethod was used after ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee (IRC) of BiratMedical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. About 400 patients were studied.The collected data were entered into a statistical package for social science version 20 for furthercalculations at 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Out of 400 patients, 215 (53.8%) of patients were underwent into different major surgeries.All patients received midazolam 2 mg except children (1 mg) and Pethidine 25 mg along with 0.2 mgglycopyrrolate 352 (88%), ondansetron 276 (69%) and others 58 (14.5%) as a preanesthetic agent. Forgeneral anesthesia propofol, 30 mg have been utilized followed by fentanyl 306 (76.5%) and others(halothane, isoflurane, etc) 115 (28.8%). In case of prophylactic drug were ceftriaxone 500 mg, 100 mgmetoclopramide 387 (96.8%), dexamethasone 251 (62.8%), tramadol 237 (59.3%), 15 mg ketorolac 368(92%), ranitidine 163 (40.8%), and pantoprazole 237 (59.3%). Conclusions: The most commonly administered pre-anesthetic drugs were midazolam, pethidine,glycopyrrolate, and ondansetron. The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting the patientwithin 24 hours after surgery was significantly very low.