The effect of Acacia nilotica bark extract on growth performance, carcass characteristics, immune response, and intestinal morphology in broilers as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoter

Abstract

Objective: Present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of <i>Acacia nilotica</i> bark extract as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in broilers.Methods: Six hundred, day-old broiler chicks were randomly divided into six groups (NC, without any supplementation; AB, NC+Zinc Bacitracin; PB, NC+Safmannan; ANBE1, NC+<i>A. nilotica</i> bark extract 0.1%; ANBE3, NC+A. nilotica bark extract 0.3%; ANBE5, NC+<i>A. nilotica</i> bark extract 0.5%), with ten replicates per group (10 chicks/replicate) and feeding trial was lasted for 35 days.Results: Results showed that weight gain (1,296.63 g) and feed conversion ratio (FCR, 1.59) of AB was better than NC, during the finisher phase. Overall FCR of AB (1.53), PB (1.54), and ANBE5 (1.54) was significantly (p<0.05) better than NC. From carcass parameters relative weight of wing and heart were highest in ANBE3 (2.5% and 1.51%, respectively). Significantly (p<0.05) highest blood glucose level was observed in NC (264.5 mg/dL) and highest albumin concentration was found in AB (1.46 mg/dL). In addition, antibody titer levels against ND and IBD were higher in ANBE5 than NC, while higher relative weight of bursa was observed in ANBE3 than NC. The villus height to crypt depth ratio in all experimental groups was better than NC.Conclusion: <i>Acacia nilotica</i> bark extract could be a suitable alternative to antibiotic growth promoters to support the growth in broilers.