Multifocal Primary Bone Sarcoma in the Elderly: A Rare Case and Review of the Literature

Abstract

To our knowledge there are no reports of a primary multifocal spindle cell sarcoma affecting both long bones of the lower limb in an elderly patient. An 83-year-old man presented with a progressively painful right ankle, without a history of trauma. Radiographs demonstrated a pathological fracture through a mixed lytic and sclerotic lesion in the distal tibia. Staging investigations, including bone scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging, revealed a second lytic lesion in the right distal femur. A provisional diagnosis of metastatic disease was favoured and intramedullary nailing was considered. However, computed tomography of the chest, abdomen and pelvis, and relevant blood tests revealed no evidence of a primary malignancy. Open biopsy of the tibial lesion showed high-grade pleomorphic spindle cells consistent with a primary bone sarcoma. The patient was treated successfully with a right trans-femoral amputation. In conclusion, we recommend early bone biopsy to allow accurate diagnosis and appropriate skeletal management in elderly patients.