Surgical anatomy of the swine face

Author:

Sasaki Ryo123,Watanabe Yorikatsu23,Yamato Masayuki2,Aoki Shunsuke4,Okano Teruo2,Ando Tomohiro1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Global Center of Excellence (COE) Program, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan

2. Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan

3. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Police Hospital, 4-22-1 Nakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo 164-0001, Japan

4. Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Iizuka-shi, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan

Abstract

In order to develop tissue engineering applications for oral and maxillofacial surgery, the surgical anatomy of the miniature pig's face was investigated in three miniature pig cadavers and three anaesthetized miniature pigs using identical procedures that were previously described for humans. A preauricular incision with a retromandibular and a submandibular extension was initially made through the facial skin and subcutaneous tissues. The underlying tissues were then carefully dissected in order to progressively expose the platysma muscle, the superficial layer of deep cervical fascia, the marginal mandibular branch and buccal branch of the facial nerve, the mental nerve and the mandibular skeleton. The marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve has an upper and lower division. Stimulation of the facial nerve and its branches showed that the upper division of the marginal mandibular branch innervates muscles and tissues in the upper lip and nose region, and the lower division innervates muscles and tissues in the lower lip region. The gross anatomy of the maxillofacial region in the pigs was found to be similar to that of humans. Although the distributions of the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve and the mental nerve are different from that of humans, we concluded that miniature pigs are a suitable experimental model for the preclinical development of tissue engineering applications in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

General Veterinary,Animal Science and Zoology

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