Correlation of haemodynamics and ankle mobility with clinical classes of clinical, aetiological, anatomical and pathological classification in venous disease

Abstract

Objectives To correlate venous haemodynamic parameters of lower limbs and amplitude of ankle mobility with the clinical, aetiological, anatomical and pathological classification (CEAP) for venous disease. Methods Two hundred and eighty-four lower limbs of 142 Caucasian women were evaluated and distributed in six groups according to the CEAP classification: Group I = C0 and C1 ( n = 24); Group II = C2 ( n = 30); Group III = C3 ( n = 27); Group IV = C4 ( n = 23); Group V = C5 ( n = 20) and Group VI = C6 ( n = 18). Goniometric examinations of ankle joints and air plethysmography (APG) were performed. Analysis of variance and the Bonferroni correction, Kruskal-Wallis' non-parametric and Dunn tests were utilized for statistical analysis with the level of significance being set at 5% ( P value < 0.05). Results There were significant restrictions in ankle mobility seen by goniometry at the C5 stage. In addition, significant changes in the venous-filling index were identified at C2, changes in the ejection fraction at C4 and changes in the residual volume fraction at the C4 stage. Conclusion The evolution of the clinical state of ankles affected by venous diseases is correlated to a reduction of joint mobility and haemodynamic alterations identified using APG.