Assessment of cardiac function with Doppler tissue imaging in asymptomatic HIV-infected patients

Abstract

Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) is a useful tool for the detection of subtle systolic function abnormalities related to the longitudinal contraction. We assessed left ventricular (LV) systolic function with DTI in 45 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients without any heart-related symptoms and in 30 healthy control subjects. Although conventional echocardiography showed no differences between groups, DTI revealed lower peak systolic velocities in group A patients when compared with group B ones (Sms: 8.84 ± 0.94 cm/s vs. 9.42 ± 0.84 cm/s, respectively, P < 0.001 and Sml: 9.58 ± 1.86 cm/s vs. 10.78 ± 2.07 cm/s P = 0.003). In group A patients, both peak systolic myocardial velocities at the septal (Sms) and lateral mitral annulus (Sml) correlated with CD4 lymphocyte count (P = 0.034 and 0.009, respectively). We conclude that pulse wave DTI reveals subtle and non-otherwise detectable abnormalities of the longitudinal LV contractile function in asymptomatic patients with positive HIV serology. DTI study should potentially be expanded in the population of HIV-infected patients, aiming at an early identification of LV systolic dysfunction.