Visual disorders in patients with dyslexia (literature review)

Abstract

Background. The ability to read is the key to successful education of schoolchildren and students. At the same time, according to various authors, from 5–10 to 20–30% of the population experience difficulties, characterized as “reading below the level of language proficiency”, “reading difficulties” and “dyslexia”. This work is devoted to the analysis of modern Russian and foreign literature in the field of aetiopathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical manifestations and functional correction of visual disorders in dyslexia.Aim: to study the literature data on visual impairment in patients with dyslexia.Materials and methods. The literature analysis of publications available on PubMed, eLibrary, CyberLeninka and Crossref Metadata Search was carried out.Results. The conducted analysis demonstrates the importance of effective detection of visual disorders in patients with dyslexia, which is necessary for a correct comprehensive assessment of this condition, as well as understanding the causes and nature of difficulties experienced by a child with dyslexia in the process of learning to read. The results of the analysis of studies reveal the possibilities of positive dynamics in the development of reading skills in patients with dyslexia in the process of functional treatment aimed at developing binocular visual functions, improving the functioning of the oculomotor system and the accommodation.Conclusion. The authors conclude that an in-depth ophthalmic examination and treatment of the identified ophthalmic pathology is of great importance in the overall complex of diagnostic and corrective measures in patients with dyslexia.