A Near Miss of a Retropharyngeal Abscess with MRSA in a 5-Week-Old Boy Due to an Unusual Presentation

Abstract

A retropharyngeal abscess (RPA) in early childhood is not uncommon due to at-risk lymph nodes in this deep neck space and is typified by fever, odynophagia, and a constellation of respiratory manifestations. However, RPA is exceedingly rare in the neonatal subpopulation and not part of the usual differential diagnosis algorithm in this age range. Herein, we present a unique case of a previously healthy 5-week-old male infant with protracted “congestion” and difficulty in oral feeding, whose clinical course is confounded by intermittent, positional bradycardia and subsequent apnea. He was eventually diagnosed with a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) RPA, leading to concurrent vascular and airways compromise in the form of baroreceptor-mediated bradycardia from mass-effect carotid body compression. This clinical case is an important reminder that any infant with positional vital sign changes should prompt urgent and thorough investigation for extraordinary and otherwise uncommon pathophysiologic states. The case also highlights the power of multidisciplinary collaboration across multiple specialties and parental advocacy in unifying a diagnosis for rare pediatric illnesses. Keywords: deep neck infections, retropharyngeal abscess, MRSA, positional bradycardia, neonatal infection