BET activity plays an essential role in control of stem cell attributes in Xenopus

Author:

Huber Paul B.12,Rao Anjali1,LaBonne Carole12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Northwestern University 1 Department of Molecular Biosciences , , Evanston, IL 60208 , USA

2. National Institute for Theory and Mathematics in Biology, Northwestern University 2 , Evanston, IL 60208 , USA

Abstract

ABSTRACT Neural crest cells are a stem cell population unique to vertebrate embryos that retains broad multi-germ layer developmental potential through neurulation. Much remains to be learned about the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that control the potency of neural crest cells. Here, we examine the role that epigenetic readers of the BET (bromodomain and extra terminal) family play in controlling the potential of pluripotent blastula and neural crest cells. We find that inhibiting BET activity leads to loss of pluripotency at blastula stages and a loss of neural crest at neurula stages. We compare the effects of HDAC (an eraser of acetylation marks) and BET (a reader of acetylation) inhibition and find that they lead to similar cellular outcomes through distinct effects on the transcriptome. Interestingly, loss of BET activity in cells undergoing lineage restriction is coupled to increased expression of genes linked to pluripotency and prolongs the competence of initially pluripotent cells to transit to a neural progenitor state. Together these findings advance our understanding of the epigenetic control of pluripotency and the formation of the vertebrate neural crest.

Funder

National Institutes of Health

National Science Foundation

Simons Foundation

Publisher

The Company of Biologists

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