Vinculin acts as a sensor in lipid regulation of adhesion-site turnover
Author:
Chandrasekar Indra1, Stradal Theresia E. B.2, Holt Mark R.3, Entschladen Frank4, Jockusch Brigitte M.1, Ziegler Wolfgang H.1
Affiliation:
1. Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technical University of Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany 2. Cell Biology, German Research Centre for Biotechnology (GBF), 38124 Braunschweig, Germany 3. The Randall Division, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK 4. Institute of Immunology, Witten/Herdecke University, 58448, Witten, Germany
Abstract
The dynamics of cell adhesion sites control cell morphology and motility. Adhesion-site turnover is thought to depend on the local availability of the acidic phospholipid phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). PIP2 can bind to many cell adhesion proteins such as vinculin and talin, but the consequences of this interaction are poorly understood. To study the significance of phospholipid binding to vinculin for adhesion-site turnover and cell motility, we constructed a mutant, vinculin-LD, deficient in acidic phospholipid binding yet with functional actin-binding sites. When expressed in cells, vinculin-LD was readily recruited to adhesion sites, as judged by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) analysis, but cell spreading and migration were strongly impaired, and PIP2-dependent disassembly of adhesions was suppressed. Thus, PIP2 binding is not essential for vinculin activation and recruitment, as previously suggested. Instead, we propose that PIP2 levels can regulate the uncoupling of adhesion sites from the actin cytoskeleton, with vinculin functioning as a sensor.
Publisher
The Company of Biologists
Reference60 articles.
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