Warm acclimation and oxygen depletion induce species-specific responses in salmonids

Author:

Anttila Katja1,Lewis Mario1,Prokkola Jenni M.1,Kanerva Mirella1,Seppänen Eila2,Kolari Irma2,Nikinmaa Mikko1

Affiliation:

1. Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland

2. Finnish Game and Fisheries Institute Saimaa, Laasalantie 9, 58175 Enonkoski, Finland

Abstract

Anthropogenic activities are greatly altering the habitats of animals, whereby fish are already encountering several stressors simultaneously. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the capacity of fish to respond to two different environmental stressors (high temperature and overnight hypoxia) separately and together. We found that acclimation to increased temperature (from 7.7±0.02°C to 14.9±0.05°C) and overnight hypoxia (daily changes from normoxia to 63-67% oxygen saturation), simulating climate change and eutrophication, had both antagonistic and synergistic effects on the capacity of fish to tolerate these stressors. Thermal tolerance of Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and landlocked salmon (Salmo salar m. Sebago) increased with warm acclimation by 1.3°C and 2.2°C, respectively, but decreased when warm temperature was combined with overnight hypoxia (by 0.2°C and 0.4°C, respectively). In contrast, the combination of the stressors more than doubled hypoxia tolerance in salmon and also increased the tolerance in char by 22%. Salmon had 1.2°C higher thermal tolerance than char, but char tolerated much lower oxygen levels than salmon at a given temperature. The changes in hypoxia tolerance were connected to the responses of the oxygen supply and delivery system. The relative ventricle mass was higher in cold than warm acclimated salmon but the thickness of compact layer of ventricle increased with combination of warm and hypoxia acclimation in both species. Char had also significantly larger hearts and thicker compact layers than salmon. The results illustrate that while fish can have protective responses when encountering single environmental stressor, the combination of stressors can have unexpected species-specific effects which will influence their survival capacity.

Publisher

The Company of Biologists

Subject

Insect Science,Molecular Biology,Animal Science and Zoology,Aquatic Science,Physiology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3