Dynamic growth program regulated by LANCEOLATE enables flexible leaf patterning

Author:

Shleizer-Burko Sharona1,Burko Yogev1,Ben-Herzel Ori1,Ori Naomi1

Affiliation:

1. The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University, Rehovot 76100, Israel and The Otto Warburg Minerva Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Hebrew University, Rehovot 76100, Israel.

Abstract

During their development, leaves progress through a highly controlled yet flexible developmental program. Transcription factors from the CIN-TCP family affect leaf shape by regulating the timing of leaf maturation. Characterization of mutants in the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) CIN-TCP gene LANCEOLATE (LA) led us to hypothesize that a threshold LA-like activity promotes leaf differentiation. Here, we examined the relationship between LA activity, leaf maturation, and final leaf size and shape. Leaves of diverse shapes from various Solanaceae species or from different positions on the tomato plant differed in the timing of growth and maturation, and these were often associated with altered LA expression dynamics. Accordingly, genetic manipulations of LA activity in tomato altered leaf growth and maturation, leading to changes in leaf size and shape. LA expression sustained until late stages of tomato leaf development, and stage-specific overexpression of miR319, a negative regulator of CIN-TCP genes, confirmed that LA-like proteins affect leaf development through these late stages. Together, our results imply that dynamic spatial and temporal leaf maturation, coordinated by LA-like genes, enables the formation of variable leaf forms.

Publisher

The Company of Biologists

Subject

Developmental Biology,Molecular Biology

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