Affiliation:
1. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
2. Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
3. BrainLinks-BrainTools Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79110, Germany
4. Freiburg Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
Abstract
ABSTRACT
It has recently emerged that microglia, the tissue-resident macrophages of the central nervous system, play significant non-innate immune roles to support the development, maintenance, homeostasis and repair of the brain. Apart from being highly specialized brain phagocytes, microglia modulate the development and functions of neurons and glial cells through both direct and indirect interactions. Thus, recognizing the elements that influence the homeostasis and heterogeneity of microglia in normal brain development is crucial to understanding the mechanisms that lead to early disease pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders. In this Review, we discuss recent studies that have elucidated the physiological development of microglia and summarize our knowledge of their non-innate immune functions in brain development and tissue repair.
Funder
National Cancer Institute
U.S. Department of Defense
National Multiple Sclerosis Society
Weintz Family COVID-19 Research Fund
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University
Klaus Tschira Stiftung
Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft Freiburg
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Ministry of Economics, Science and Arts of Baden-Württemberg
Brain and Behavior Research Foundation
Publisher
The Company of Biologists
Subject
Developmental Biology,Molecular Biology
Cited by
34 articles.
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