Efficient regeneration by activation of neurogenesis in homeostatically quiescent regions of the adult vertebrate brain

Author:

Berg Daniel A.1,Kirkham Matthew1,Beljajeva Anna1,Knapp Dunja2,Habermann Bianca3,Ryge Jesper4,Tanaka Elly M.2,Simon András1

Affiliation:

1. Karolinska Institute, Department for Cell and Molecular Biology, Stockholm 17177, Sweden.

2. Center for regenerative therapies, Dresden 01307, Germany.

3. Max-Planck Institute, Dresden 01307, Germany.

4. Karolinska Institute, Department for Neurosciences, Stockholm 17177, Sweden.

Abstract

In contrast to mammals, salamanders and teleost fishes can efficiently repair the adult brain. It has been hypothesised that constitutively active neurogenic niches are a prerequisite for extensive neuronal regeneration capacity. Here, we show that the highly regenerative salamander, the red spotted newt, displays an unexpectedly similar distribution of active germinal niches with mammals under normal physiological conditions. Proliferation zones in the adult newt brain are restricted to the forebrain, whereas all other regions are essentially quiescent. However, ablation of midbrain dopamine neurons in newts induced ependymoglia cells in the normally quiescent midbrain to proliferate and to undertake full dopamine neuron regeneration. Using oligonucleotide microarrays, we have catalogued a set of differentially expressed genes in these activated ependymoglia cells. This strategy identified hedgehog signalling as a key component of adult dopamine neuron regeneration. These data show that brain regeneration can occur by activation of neurogenesis in quiescent brain regions.

Publisher

The Company of Biologists

Subject

Developmental Biology,Molecular Biology

Reference44 articles.

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