Differentiation and function of cardiac valves in the adult Drosophila heart

Author:

Meyer Christian1ORCID,Drechsler Maik1ORCID,Meyer Heiko12ORCID,Paululat Achim12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Osnabrück University 1 Department of Biology/Chemistry, Zoology & Developmental Biology , , 49076 Osnabrück , Germany

2. Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics (CellNanOs), Osnabrück University 2 , 49076 Osnabrück , Germany

Abstract

ABSTRACT Drosophila, like all insects, has an open circulatory system for the distribution of haemolymph and its components. The circulation of the haemolymph is essentially driven by the pumping activity of the linear heart. The heart is constructed as a tube into which the haemolymph is sucked and pumped forward by rhythmic contractions running from the posterior to the anterior, where it leaves the heart tube. The heart harbours cardiac valves to regulate flow directionality, with a single heart valve differentiating during larval development to separate the heart tube into two chambers. During metamorphosis, the heart is partially restructured, with the linear heart tube with one terminal wide-lumen heart chamber being converted into a linear four-chambered heart tube with three valves. As in all metazoan circulatory systems, the cardiac valves play an essential role in regulating the direction of blood flow. We provide evidence that the valves in adult flies arise via transdifferentiation, converting lumen-forming contractile cardiomyocytes into differently structured valve cells. Interestingly, adult cardiac valves exhibit a similar morphology to their larval counterparts, but act differently upon heart beating. Applying calcium imaging in living specimens to analyse activity in valve cells, we show that adult cardiac valves operate owing to muscle contraction. However, valve cell shape dynamics are altered compared with larval valves, which led us to propose our current model of the opening and closing mechanisms in the fly heart.

Funder

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Publisher

The Company of Biologists

Subject

Insect Science,Molecular Biology,Animal Science and Zoology,Aquatic Science,Physiology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

Cited by 1 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

1. Insights and perspectives on the enigmatic alary muscles of arthropods;Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology;2024-01-15

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