Seasonal daily, daytime and night-time field metabolic rates in Arabian babblers (Turdoides squamiceps)
Author:
Anava Avner1, Kam Michael2, Shkolnik Amiram3, Degen A. Allan2
Affiliation:
1. Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel 2. Desert Animal Adaptations and Husbandry, Wyler Department of Dryland Agriculture, Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel 3. Department of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
Abstract
SUMMARY
Arabian babblers (Turdoides squamiceps; mean adult body mass=72.5 g) inhabit extreme deserts of Israel. Previous studies have shown that their daily field metabolic rates are similar in winter and summer and that there is an increase during the breeding season. We hypothesized that the difference in seasonal daily field metabolic rate would be a consequence of differences in daytime metabolic rate, and that night-time metabolic rate would be similar during the three seasons. We used doubly labelled water to determine daily,daytime and night-time field metabolic and water-influx rates in breeding babblers in spring and nonbreeding babblers in winter and summer.
Daily and daytime energy expenditure rates were higher during the breeding season than during either summer or winter, but there was no difference among seasons in night-time energy expenditure rates. Thus, our hypothesis was supported. The daytime field metabolic rates in summer and winter nonbreeding babblers were 3.92× and 4.32× the resting metabolic rate (RMR),respectively, and in breeding babblers was 5.04× RMR, whereas the night-time field metabolic rates ranged between 1.26× RMR and 1.35× RMR in the three seasons. Daily and daytime water-influx rates were highest in winter, intermediate during the breeding season and lowest in summer, but there was no difference among seasons in night-time water-influx rate. Daytime water-influx rate was greater than night-time water-influx rate by 2.5-fold in summer, 3.9-fold in the breeding season and 6.75-fold in winter.
Seasonal patterns of daily and daytime energy expenditure were similar, as were seasonal patterns of daily and daytime water influx. Daily and daytime energy expenditure and water-influx rates differed among seasons whereas night-time rates of both did not. Daily and daytime field metabolic rates of babblers were highest during the breeding season, whereas daily and daytime water-influx rates were highest in winter.
Publisher
The Company of Biologists
Subject
Insect Science,Molecular Biology,Animal Science and Zoology,Aquatic Science,Physiology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Reference46 articles.
1. Alkon, P. U., Degen, A. A., Pinshow, B. and Shaw, P. J.(1985). Phenology, diet, and water turnover rates of Negev desert chukars. J. Arid Environ.9, 51-61. 2. Anava, A. (1998). Seasonal water and energy fluxes in Arabian babblers (Turdoides squamiceps), a passerine that inhabits extreme deserts. PhD thesis. Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel. 3. Anava, A., Kam, M., Shkolnik, A. and Degen, A. A.(2000). Seasonal field metabolic rate and dietary intake in Arabian babblers (Turdoides squamiceps) inhabiting extreme deserts. Funct. Ecol.14,607-613. 4. Anava, A., Kam, M., Shkolnik, A. and Degen, A. A.(2001a). Effect of group size on field metabolic rate of Arabian babblers provisioning nestlings. Condor103,376-380. 5. Anava, A., Kam, M., Shkolnik, A. and Degen, A. A.(2001b). Heat production and body temperature of Arabian babblers(Turdoides squamiceps): a bird from hot desert habitats. J. Arid Environ.48,59-67.
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