Heterochromatin andtri-methylated lysine 20 of histone H4 in animals

Author:

Kourmouli Niki1,Jeppesen Peter1,Mahadevhaiah Shantha2,Burgoyne Paul2,Wu Rong3,Gilbert David M.3,Bongiorni Silvia4,Prantera Giorgio4,Fanti Laura5,Pimpinelli Sergio5,Shi Wei6,Fundele Reinald6,Singh Prim B.1

Affiliation:

1. Nuclear Reprogramming Laboratory, Division of Gene Expression and Development, Roslin Institute, Edinburgh, EH25 9PS, UK

2. Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London, NW7 1AA, UK

3. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA

4. Dipartimento di Agrobiologia e Agrochimica, Università della Tuscia, Via San C. De Lellis, Viterbo, 01100, Italy

5. Dipartimento di Genetica e Biologia molecolare, Università di Roma `La Sapienza', Piazzale Aldo Moro, Roma, 00185, Italy

6. Uppsala University, Department of Development and Genetics, Norbyvagen 18A, Uppsala, 75236, Sweden

Abstract

Tri-methylated lysine 20 on histone H4 (Me(3)K20H4) is a marker of constitutive heterochromatin in murine interphase and metaphase cells. Heterochromatin marked by Me(3)K20H4 replicates late during S phase of the cell cycle. Serum starvation increases the number of cells that exhibit high levels of Me(3)K20H4 at constitutive heterochromatin. Me(3)K20H4 is also present at the centromeric heterochromatin of most meiotic chromosomes during spermatogenesis and at the pseudoautosomal region, as well as at some telomeres. It is not present on the XY-body. During murine embryogenesis the maternal pronucleus contains Me(3)K20H4; Me(3)K20H4 is absent from the paternal pronucleus. On Drosophila polytene chromosomes Me(3)K20H4 is present in a `punctate pattern' at many chromosomal bands, including the chromocenter. In coccids it is present on the facultatively heterochromatinised paternal chromosome set. We also present evidence that Me(3)K20H4 is dependent upon H3-specific Suv(3)9 histone methyltransferase activity, suggesting that there may be `epigenetic cross-talk' between histones H3 and H4.

Publisher

The Company of Biologists

Subject

Cell Biology

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