Tumor suppressors: enhancers or suppressors of regeneration?

Author:

Pomerantz Jason H.1234,Blau Helen M.5678

Affiliation:

1. Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA

2. Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA

3. Craniofacial and Mesenchymal Biology Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA

4. Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA

5. Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA

6. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA

7. Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA

8. Clinical Sciences Research Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA

Abstract

Tumor suppressors are so named because cancers occur in their absence, but these genes also have important functions in development, metabolism and tissue homeostasis. Here, we discuss known and potential functions of tumor suppressor genes during tissue regeneration, focusing on the evolutionarily conserved tumor suppressors pRb1, p53, Pten and Hippo. We propose that their activity is essential for tissue regeneration. This is in contrast to suggestions that tumor suppression is a trade-off for regenerative capacity. We also hypothesize that certain aspects of tumor suppressor pathways inhibit regenerative processes in mammals, and that transient targeted modification of these pathways could be fruitfully exploited to enhance processes that are important to regenerative medicine.

Publisher

The Company of Biologists

Subject

Developmental Biology,Molecular Biology

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