Male serrate-legged treefrogs adjust competition strategies according to visual or chemical cues from females

Author:

Deng Ke1ORCID,He Qiao-Ling2ORCID,Zhou Ya13,Zhu Bi-Cheng1,Wang Tong-Liang4,Wang Ji-Chao4,Cui Jian-Guo1

Affiliation:

1. Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China

2. College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China

3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

4. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, China

Abstract

There is increasing evidence that many anurans use multimodal cues to detect, discriminate and/or locate conspecifics and thus modify their behaviors. To date, however, most studies have focused on the roles of multimodal cues in female choice or male-male interactions. In the present study, we conducted an experiment to investigate whether male serrate-legged small treefrogs (Kurixalus odontotarsus) used visual or chemical cues to detect females and thus altered their competition strategies in different calling contexts. Three acoustic stimuli (advertisement calls, aggressive calls and compound calls) were broadcast in a randomized order after a spontaneous period to focal males in one of four treatment groups: combined visual and chemical cues of a female, only chemical cues, only visual cues and a control (with no females). We recorded the vocal responses of the focal males during each 3-min period. Our results demonstrate that males reduce total number of calls in response to the presence of females, regardless of how they perceived the females. In response to advertisement calls and compound calls, males that perceived females through chemical cues produced relatively fewer advertisement calls but more aggressive calls. In addition, they produced relatively more aggressive calls during the playback of aggressive calls. Taken together, our study suggests that male K. odontotarsus adjust their competition strategies according to the visual or chemical cues of potential mates and highlights the important role of multisensory cues in male frogs’ perception of females.

Funder

Light of West China

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

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Publisher

The Company of Biologists

Subject

Insect Science,Molecular Biology,Animal Science and Zoology,Aquatic Science,Physiology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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