Targeted alterations in iron homeostasis underlie plant defense responses
Author:
Liu Guosheng1, Greenshields David L.1, Sammynaiken Ramaswami2, Hirji Rozina N.3, Selvaraj Gopalan3, Wei Yangdou1
Affiliation:
1. Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada 2. Saskatchewan Structural Sciences Center, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada 3. Plant Biotechnology Institute, National Research Council of Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9, Canada
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is a ubiquitous redox-active element essential for most life. The formation of localized cell wall appositions, the oxidative burst and the production of pathogenesis-related proteins are hallmarks of plant defense responses. Here, we report that iron is a central mediator linking these three phenomena. We show that in response to pathogen attack, reactive Fe3+, but not Fe2+, is deposited at cell wall appositions where it accumulates and mediates the oxidative burst. We provide evidence that the bulk secretion of Fe3+ provoked by pathogen attack leads to intracellular iron depletion, and that H2O2 itself induces ATP-dependent intracellular iron efflux. Finally, we demonstrate that this intracellular iron depletion promotes the transcription of pathogenesis-related genes in concert with H2O2. This work identifies iron as an underlying factor associated with the oxidative burst and regulating cereal defenses, and establishes links between disease-related iron homeostasis in plants and animals.
Publisher
The Company of Biologists
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