Affiliation:
1. Department of Genetics and Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
2. Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thørmohlensgate 55, 5008 Bergen, Norway
Abstract
The βcatenin-dependent Wnt pathway exerts multiple context-dependent roles in embryonic and adult tissues. In planarians, βcatenin-1 is thought to specify posterior identities through the generation of an anteroposterior gradient. However, the existence of such gradient has not been directly demonstrated. Here, we use a specific polyclonal antibody to demonstrate that nuclear βCATENIN-1 exists as an anteroposterior gradient from the pre-pharyngeal region to the tail of the planarian Schmidtea polychroa. High levels in the posterior region steadily decrease towards the pre-pharyngeal region but then increase again in the head region. During regeneration, βCATENIN-1 is nuclearized in both anterior and posterior blastemas, but the canonical wnt1 ligand only influences posterior nuclearization. Additionally, βcatenin-1 is required for proper anterior morphogenesis, consistent with the high levels of nuclear βCATENIN-1 observed in this region. We further demonstrate that βCATENIN-1 is abundant in developing and differentiated organs, and is particularly required for the specification of the germ-line. Altogether, our findings provide the first direct evidence of an anteroposterior nuclear βCATENIN-1 gradient in adult planarians, and uncover novel, context-dependent roles for βcatenin-1 during anterior regeneration and organogenesis.
Funder
Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia
Agencia de Gestio d Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca
Marie Curie IEF
Sars Centre core budget to Andreas Hejnol
Publisher
The Company of Biologists
Subject
Developmental Biology,Molecular Biology
Cited by
49 articles.
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