ConFERMing the role of talin in integrin activation and mechanosignaling

Author:

Bachmann Michael1ORCID,Su Baihao2,Rahikainen Rolle3ORCID,Hytönen Vesa P.34ORCID,Wu Jinhua2ORCID,Wehrle-Haller Bernhard1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Centre Médical Universitaire 1 Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism , , 1211 Geneva 4 , Switzerland

2. Fox Chase Cancer Center 2 Molecular Therapeutics Program , , 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19111 , USA

3. Tampere University 3 Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Arvo Ylpön katu 34 , , FI-33520 Tampere , Finland

4. Fimlab Laboratories 4 , Biokatu 4, FI-33520 Tampere , Finland

Abstract

ABSTRACT Talin (herein referring to the talin-1 form), is a cytoskeletal adapter protein that binds integrin receptors and F-actin, and is a key factor in the formation and regulation of integrin-dependent cell–matrix adhesions. Talin forms the mechanical link between the cytoplasmic domain of integrins and the actin cytoskeleton. Through this linkage, talin is at the origin of mechanosignaling occurring at the plasma membrane–cytoskeleton interface. Despite its central position, talin is not able to fulfill its tasks alone, but requires help from kindlin and paxillin to detect and transform the mechanical tension along the integrin–talin–F-actin axis into intracellular signaling. The talin head forms a classical FERM domain, which is required to bind and regulate the conformation of the integrin receptor, as well as to induce intracellular force sensing. The FERM domain allows the strategic positioning of protein–protein and protein–lipid interfaces, including the membrane-binding and integrin affinity-regulating F1 loop, as well as the interaction with lipid-anchored Rap1 (Rap1a and Rap1b in mammals) GTPase. Here, we summarize the structural and regulatory features of talin and explain how it regulates cell adhesion and force transmission, as well as intracellular signaling at integrin-containing cell–matrix attachment sites.

Funder

American Society of Hematology

Pennsylvania Department of Health

Academy of Finland

Cancer Foundation Finland

Sigrid Jusélius Foundation

Swiss National Science Foundation

Publisher

The Company of Biologists

Subject

Cell Biology

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